Joule Heating Effect on Field-Free Magnetization Switching by Spin-Orbit Torque in Exchange-Biased Systems

Seyed Armin Razavi, Di Wu, Guoqiang Yu, Yong-Chang Lau, Kin L. Wong, Weihua Zhu, Congli He, Zongzhi Zhang, J. M. D. Coey, Plamen Stamenov, Pedram Khalili Amiri, and Kang L. Wang Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1594, USA Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China CRANN, AMBER and School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland Inston Inc., Los Angeles, California 90095, USA (Received 27 September 2016; revised manuscript received 20 January 2017; published 23 February 2017)